indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
aviation; flight; flying; to fly; to take a flight
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to step aside; to move (i.e. out of the way); to make way
group; party; team; squad; section
arrangement (of resources); deployment; stationing; posting; disposition; configuration
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger (on two-way radio)
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
police officer; policeman; policewoman
headquarters; head office; main office
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
still; as yet; as it has been
announcer; presenter; broadcaster; in-house television talent who does on-location fluff pieces for variety shows
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.); (on) site; (on) the ground; filming location; (movie) set
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
testing centre for driving tests
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
shutting oneself in (one's room, etc.); barricading oneself in (a fort, etc.) while being besieged; holing up (in a building)
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
outbreak; spring forth; generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state
counter for nights of a stay; overnight stay; lodging
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
adds force or indicates command
to be caught; to be arrested; to hold on to; to grasp; to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
time; hour; period; class
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
innocent; chaste; naive; pure; unmixed; genuine
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.