indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
guidance; leading (the way); information; notice; announcement (of one's arrival); invitation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hiding; concealing; being hidden; pocket
passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
rushing into; breaking into; storming; plunging into (war, etc.); embarking on (a new venture)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be seized with (fear, etc.); to be a slave to; to stick to
people; men and women; each person; everybody
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to carry off; to run away with; to sweep away; to take entirely for oneself; to monopolize
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
changing completely; transformation
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
completely; absolutely; totally; (not) at all
other people's affairs; somebody else's problem
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
spirit; sprite; energy; vigor (vigour); fine details; semen
hey!; c'mon!; pushy; overbearing; self-assured
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to follow; to pursue; to die right after a loved one; to kill oneself after the death of a loved one; to follow an example set by earlier generations (or one's master, etc.)
adds force or indicates command
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn