indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to be understood; to be comprehended; to be honored
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
aggression; invasion; raid
when push comes to shove; when needed; when necessity arises; when the moment arrives
mountain stream; valley; dale; wetlands; swamp; marsh
sprout; shoot; bud; germinal disk (in an egg)
to get rid of; to erase; to dispel; to eradicate; to wipe away
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
development; exploitation
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
anger; rage; fury; wrath; indignation
explosion; detonation; eruption; eruption (of discontent, etc.); outburst; outpouring
spirit; sprite; energy; vigor (vigour); fine details; semen
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indication; (thermometer) reading
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way
funny; amusing; strange; odd; improper; unsuitable
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to leak out (a secret); to be exposed (a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to be found out; to get away (of fish)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
to blow away; to blow off; to dispel; to drive away; to talk big
in that way; thus; so; so?
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...