indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
Deneb (star in the constellation Cygnus); Alpha Cygni
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
to catch; to capture; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street); towards (someone); at (someone)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to disappear into; to slip into; to be lost in; to be mixed up with
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to place on (something); to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to load (luggage); to carry; to send out (on the airwaves, etc.); to deceive
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; heigh-ho; to butter up; to suck up to
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
toilet; restroom; bathroom; lavatory
in that way; thus; so; so?
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
horn; alarm; whistle; foghorn