to hurt; to ache; to feel a pain; to be injured; to be spoiled (e.g. food); to be damaged
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam
hand; arm; handwriting; penmanship; paw!; shake!
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to trouble; to bother; to annoy
to incur the wrath of the gods (e.g. by doing something immoral); to incur divine punishment; to pay for one's sins
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (e.g. endure); stoically
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
Tenpō era (1830.12.10-1844.12.2)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
beginning of the year; early in the New Year
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
to fall ill; to become indisposed; to have one's physical condition deteriorate
to go to bed; to be sick in bed; to be laid up
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
really; truly; indeed; good grief
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
good(-tasting); nice; delicious; attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
wisdom; wit; sagacity; prajna (insight leading to enlightenment)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
when it comes to ...; as for ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such