year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
seventeenth day of the month; seventeen days
land made arable by the slash-and-burn method; swidden; slash-and-burn farming
district of a town; city block (of irregular size)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
10^8; 100,000,000; hundred million
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
corresponding to (in meaning, function, etc.); being equivalent to; appropriate; suitable; to be proportionate to; to be in keeping with
gold nugget; gold bullion; gold bar; gold ingot
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to steal; to plagiarize; to steal (a technique, idea, etc.); to do stealthily; to do during scant time; to steal a base
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
unheard-of; unprecedented; unparalleled in history (unparallelled); record-breaking
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
statute of limitations; lapse of rights after a period of time; becoming invalid or void after a set time; ageing; aging
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
investigator (usu. of criminal cases)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
all people; everybody; ten thousand people
mobilization; mobilisation
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
going unsolved; remaining unanswered
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
offender; criminal; culprit
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
arrest; apprehension; capture
to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
clue; lead; key; handhold; hold
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very