Formosan sweetgum (Liquidambar formosana)
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
thank you (for your hard work); good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
to apologize (apologise); to refuse; to decline; to be unable to bear; to be defeated (by)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
price; cost; charge; payment; bill; fee
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)
report; notification; tip; message (in information and communication theory)
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
how; in what way; how about
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
cherry tree; cherry blossom; light pink; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder
tree; shrub; wood; timber; wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance)
employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
remind me; I forget; was it?; was that what happened?