confirmation; certification; ascertainment
clear; obvious; evident; bright; light
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
to switch (secretly); to substitute; to sidestep (an issue)
outrageous; reprehensible; rude; insolent; nefarious
temporary manifestation of a Buddha (or bodhisattva, etc.) in the form of a Shinto kami
very rude; very insolent; extremely reprehensible; outrageous
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
finally; barely; only just; gradually
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
to throw oneself (e.g. off a cliff, etc.)
pitiful; unfortunate; poor; unpardonable; regrettable
mistake; error; fault; slip; blunder; omission
close examination; careful investigation; investigation of a crime; inquiry into someone's guilt; winner (of the most rounds, i.e. a full game); (arch.) reciting and appreciating traditional poetry
form (as opposed to substance); formality; method; system; format; mode
to degenerate; to lapse into
natural; understandable; reasonable; no wonder
paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa); empress tree; foxglove tree
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
autograph or note of authentication written on a box containing an art work
achievement; feat; meritorious deed; distinguished service
(logical) true; regular; 10^40; ten thousand undecillion; original; positive
emperor (of Japan); mikado
to be given; to be granted; to be honored with; to give; to bestow; to confer
principle; aim; purport; gist; instructions; orders
to gulp down; to swallow deeply; to understand; to take in; to engulf; to swallow up
not only ... (but also); not just; as well as
modus operandi; criminal technique; trick
(suffering) damage; injury; harm
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
potato (Solanum tuberosum)
receiving (from a superior); bestowed
Izumi (former province located in the southwest of present-day Osaka Prefecture)
one's own handwriting; autograph
accompanying note; postscript
other; another; over; more than; I; me
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
successive generations; successive emperors
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
controlling; suppressing; quelling
by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing
spear; lance; javelin; lance; (arch.) jeering