jpdb beta

to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding

11

friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement

1

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

82

will or decree (esp. of shogun); emperor's wishes

1

to shoot (at); to attack; to defeat; to destroy

1

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

87

to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)

15

fiance; fiancee

2

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

136

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

46

to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved

2

the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

83

to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen

17

however; but

4

that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...

8

series; chain; two reams (i.e. 1000 sheets of paper); verse; stanza

1

incident; affair; happening; event

1

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

88

plot; intrigue; scheme; conspiracy; agreement between two or more people to commit an unlawful act

1

be; is

3

thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work

25

to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!

12

one's home; hometown; native place; birthplace

2

to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound

8

losing one's position; losing one's standing; downfall; fall (from power); being overthrown

1

success; hit

1

but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that

12

poverty; need; destitution; having great difficulty with; struggling greatly with; being in distress

1

the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result

1

foreign country; other country; another province; strange land; alien land

1

to; towards; for

6

selling oneself (into bondage) (esp. for prostitutes)

3

to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember

5

Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo

8

nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible

8

to pursue

1

to start a journey; to embark on a trip; to set forth; to hit the trail

1

twelfth month (esp. of the lunar calendar); December

4

to pass (of time); to elapse

1

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

18

already; too late

3

half a year; six months

1

to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed

1

good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

13

yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?

17

I appreciate your efforts

1

again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and

3

next year

1

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

26