to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
will (esp. of shogun); decree; emperor's wishes
to attack; to destroy; to defeat; to conquer; to avenge
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
series; chain; two reams (i.e. 1000 sheets of paper); verse; stanza
occurrence; happening; incident; event
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
plot; intrigue; scheme; conspiracy
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
one's home; hometown; native place; birthplace
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
losing one's position; losing one's standing; downfall; fall (from power); being overthrown
success; achievement; succeeding (in life); (worldly) success; prosperity
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
poverty; need; destitution; having great difficulty with; struggling greatly with; being in distress
end; extremity; limit; result; outcome; upshot
foreign country; another country; another province; strange land; alien land
selling oneself (into bondage; esp. of a prostitute); selling out (to a competitor); selling off
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to start a journey; to embark on a trip; to set forth; to hit the trail
twelfth month (esp. of the lunar calendar); December
to pass (of time); to elapse
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
already; previously; before; undeniably; unmistakably
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
I appreciate your efforts
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as