indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
gyoza; pot sticker; crescent-shaped pan-fried dumplings stuffed with minced pork and vegetables
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
shumai; shaomai; steamed meat dumpling (Chinese-style)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
super-; ultra-; extremely; really; of course; definitely
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
clear weather; fine weather; formal; ceremonial; cleared of suspicion
pluralizing suffix; nickname-forming suffix
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
serious; not joking; straight; (arch.) cannot; (arch.) should not; (arch.) will not
(school) grade; year; class; grade; kyu (junior rank in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
donation; contribution; endowment
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)
common people; ordinary people; masses
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
quickly; promptly; immediately; indifferently; coldly
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work