Tenshō era (1573.7.28-1592.12.8)
three years; third school year (e.g. of high school)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
exile; banishment; eviction; elimination (e.g. of poverty); removal
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
shogunate; bakufu; shogun's headquarters; Imperial Guards office; residence of the Imperial Guards commander
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
Kinai (the five provinces in the immediate vicinity of Kyoto)
grasping; seizing; holding; commanding; having control over
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
to go against; to fight against; to oppose; to resist; to deny
influence; power; might; influence (of stones)
each place; every place; various places; all parts (of the country, world, etc.)
intangible; incorporeal; unreasonable; preposterous; absurd
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
long-cherished desire; Amida Buddha's original vow
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
to vacate; to surrender (e.g. a castle); to give up (e.g. a position); to hand over (e.g. power)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
like this; this sort; this way
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
saint; wise and virtuous person (esp. in Confucianism); great religious teacher; refined sake
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
will; volition; intention; intent; determination
to come true (of a dream, wish, etc.); to be realized; to be fulfilled; to be granted; to be answered (of a prayer); to be requited (of love)
it cannot be that ...; it is highly unlikely that ...; it is impossible that ...
Buddhist teachings; Buddhism
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
now; the present time; just now; another; more
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
flour; meal; powder; heroin
knack; skill; bone; skeleton; cremated remains (esp. the bones); ashes
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to eat up (completely); to put down (a rebellion); to suppress; (arch.) to make flat; (arch.) to level out
to lead; to spearhead (a group); to command (troops)