from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; on; above; the best; top
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
spirit of a deceased person
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
heir; successor; family estate; family fortune; headship of a family
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to succeed (a person, to a position, etc.); to inherit; to patch (clothes); to mend; to add (e.g. charcoal to the fire); to replenish with
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
acting shugo (Kamakura or Muromachi period military governor)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Buddhist teachings; Buddhist path; Buddhism; Buddhist temple
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
to name; to take a second name or alias; to announce; to boast; to declare
legitimate son (esp. eldest son); heir
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
Dōsan Saitō (1494-1556; daimyo)
face; mask; face guard; striking the head (in kendo); surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to convey (a message, e.g. to one's superior); to communicate; to pass on; to pass along
as you see; as you can see; in accordance with what you see
to be tonsured; to have one's head shaved; to become a monk
worldly things; common customs; the world; the (common) people; secularity
rubbish; trash; garbage; refuse; litter
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
future affairs; affairs after one's death
to entrust (a matter) to; to leave to; to abandon oneself to (e.g. pleasure); to yield to (e.g. anger); to devote oneself to
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
rule; government; administration
to entrust (someone) with; to leave (a matter) with someone; to have someone deliver (a message, parcel, etc.); to send (through someone); to use (something) to express (one's feelings, opinion, etc.); to express in the form of (something)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
to escape from; to get out
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (of China; 9-23 CE)