Respect-for-the-Aged Day (national holiday; third Monday in September)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
to celebrate; to congratulate; to present (a gift) in celebration; to drink in celebration; to wish for (a happy future, good fortune, etc.); to pray for
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
time; hour; period; class
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
secret (method, trick, etc.); key (e.g. to success); mysteries (of an art, trade, etc.); recipe; trick
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
company; association; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.
judicial affairs; clerical duty (in a temple)
section chief; laboratory manager; office head; room monitor
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
to be much obliged (to someone); to receive favor (favour); to be indebted; to be grateful
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all