indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to grow cold; to get chilly; to cool down
sillago (any fish of genus Sillago, esp. the Japanese whiting, Sillago japonica)
when it comes to ...; where ... is concerned; if it's the case that ...; if it turns out that ...; if it's true that ...
constitutional reform; constitutional amendment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
House of Representatives (lower house of the National Diet of Japan)
House of Councillors (upper house of the National Diet of Japan)
both houses of parliament; both upper and lower house
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
proposal; suggestion; motion; initiative
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
element (esp. component in electronics); elemental device; device; data; datum
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
at (a time or place); in; in (a situation, matter, etc.); on (a point); on the part of; under the authority of
approval; agreement; support; favour; favor
implementation (e.g. of a system); materialization; materialisation; realization; realisation; actualization
result; consequence; consequently; as a result; as a result of; following
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
formation; establishment; conclusion (e.g. of a deal); reaching (e.g. an agreement); being valid (of a theory, argument, etc.); holding
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
please; if you would; somehow or other; one way or another; whether (or not); if
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; lower radical of a kanji; means of transportation
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
reality; actuality; hard fact
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to shift one's attention to; to shift one's focus on
while; during; while; although; all; both