at once; immediately; right away; directly (face, lead to, etc.); automatically (mean, result in, etc.)
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
(arch.) large river (esp. the Yangtze); Lake Biwa
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to face; to go towards; to head towards
three times; thrice; third (musical interval); many times; over and over again
bureau; department; office (e.g. post, telephone); broadcasting station (e.g. television, radio); affair; situation
this occasion; at this time; now
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
legal wife (of a noble) (as opposed to a concubine); room for receiving guests; heir; successor
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
test; trial; probation; ordeal; tribulation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fall onto; to happen; to befall
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
to decide; to determine; to establish; to lay down; to bring peace (to); to make peaceful
law; regulation; rule; code; agreement; arrangement
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to run counter to; to go against; to disobey; to infringe
daimyo (Japanese feudal lord)
fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
ground; crust (earth); foundation (building, etc.); base; constituency; power base
to harden; to freeze; to put together; to collect; to make secure; to stabilize; to fortify
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to