one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
steward; butler; court official; deacon (Anglican, Lutheran, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to obey respectfully; to humble oneself; to sit straight (upright, respectfully, attentively)
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
first-class; top grade; characteristic; peculiar; school (e.g. of a performance art); one flag
indicate reason; infers some protest
new rice; first rice crop of the year; novice; beginner; newcomer
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
danger; peril; hazard; risk
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision
to be negligent in doing something; to shirk; to be off one's guard
towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
desire; want; will; wish; urge; craving
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...