mobile telephone; cellular telephone
hello (e.g. on phone); excuse me! (when calling out to someone)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
time; hour; period; class
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
(arch.) clearly; (arch.) brightly; cleanly; purely
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
average; medium; mid-grade (item); regular grade; same level as; equal to
station (esp. a police station); office (e.g. tax office)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to have (urgent) business; to have something one needs to attend to; to have something one wants to say (to someone)
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
guidance; leading (the way); information; notice; announcement (of one's arrival); invitation
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
alone; by oneself; on one's own
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good