well then ...; in that situation; in which case
bye-bye; good-bye; see you; saying goodbye; parting
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
among these; between these; of these; in here; in this
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
pregnancy; conception; gestation
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Emperor's Birthday (national holiday; February 23)
Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa); yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata); Japanese mallotus (Mallotus japonicus); printing block; catalpa bow; catalpa medium
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
leisurely; slow; deliberate; easygoing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very