as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
splendid horse; promoted bishop
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
benevolence (esp. as a virtue of Confucianism); consideration; human; kernel; nucleolus
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
things to do; must-do items; one's duty; what is required
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
please (give me); please (do for me)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
(arch.) indicates emphasis, intention, etc.; indicates emphasis, intention, etc.
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
just; fair; proper; reasonable
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
win; victory; beautiful scenery; scenic spot; counter for wins
becoming a pupil (of); becoming an apprentice
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
the Emperor; His Majesty; the government; the authorities; proprietress; hostess
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
(private) secretary; treasured book; secret book
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
madder (esp. Japanese madder, Rubia argyi); madder (red color)
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
unpolished rice; unmilled rice; brown rice; black rice
Inari (god of harvests, Uka-no-Mitama); Inari shrine; Fushimi Inari shrine (in Kyoto); fox (said to be messengers of Inari); fried tofu (said to be a favourite food of foxes); inarizushi