indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
hundred million; 100,000,000; 10^8
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to sell (well); to be well known; to be popular; to be famous
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
threat; menace; coercion; blackmail
to pick up; to adopt (a proposal); to take up (a topic); to take issue with; to make a problem of; to report (news); to cover
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to sell; to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.); to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself; to pick (a fight, quarrel, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
means; way; method; measure
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
backdoor admission to a school; backdoor entry to a school; buying one's way into school; bribing one's way into a school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good offices; kind offices; services; mediation; intercession; conciliation
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to obtain; to get; to procure; to win; to secure
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
notebook; memo pad; certificate; identification card
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
information; news; information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.); informatics (as a subject)
negligence; carelessness; inattention; unpreparedness
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
mom; mommy; mum; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence