(plain) hot water; boiled water
intractable (diseases); hard to cure; rebellious; insurgent; refractory
Hamaguri Rebellion (1864); Kinmon incident
to turn the rudder of a ship; to change direction (of policy, etc.)
taking appropriate action; tact
woven mat (of sedge, hay, etc.)
shogunate marital union with the Imperial Family
bride; one's daughter-in-law
extremity; end; bound; limit
infancy; childish; infantile; immature
knowledge applied to evil purposes
growth; development; one's early life; upbringing; personal history
father of one's country; father of the nation
the shogunate (administration)
mochi wrapped with sweet bean jam
exemplar; model; example; pattern
to toady; to be obsequious
equinoctial week (when Buddhist services are held); Buddhist services during the equinoctial week; nirvana
the orders of one's ruler
daimyo's alternating Edo residence; official attendance service (by a daimyo in the Edo period)
old saying; old expression; old language; ancient language; archaic word
needy circumstances; living in poverty
origin; beginning; genesis; primeval; primordial; primitive
make; workmanship; preparation
great fool; utter fool; complete idiot; absolute moron
study of (ancient) Japanese literature and culture; (arch.) provincial school (under Japan's ritsuryo system and pre-Sui Chinese law)
inherited; family (heirloom); ancestral
losing initiative; being forestalled; second move (in go or shogi); moving second; rear guard
(another person's) younger sister
enemy of the emperor; rebel against the imperial government
visit (to a religious site, e.g. shrine, temple, grave)
face; mug; surface; cheek meat; (arch.) cheek; (arch.) cheeks
pardon; remission; amnesty