one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
possession; ownership; Tibet; Tibetan people
Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
slave labour; slave labor; compulsory service; forced labour; forced labor; exacted service
cum (e.g. bedroom-cum-study); holding both roles (e.g. Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs); and; in addition; concurrently; at the same time
various fiefdoms; various domains
at the most; at best; to the utmost; as much as possible; as much as one can
to strain or exert oneself; to go all out
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
than; other than; except; but
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
commander-in-chief; supreme commander
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
exceptional; unusual; extraordinary; unprecedented; singular
success in life; getting ahead; successful career; promotion; climbing the corporate ladder; eminence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
hot (thing); passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. temper); zealous; enthusiastic; intense
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
adds force or indicates command
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
weird; ominous; eerie; uncanny; ghastly
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to feel; to sense; to experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares