Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to pick up; to adopt (e.g. a proposal); to accept; to take away; to confiscate; to deliver (a baby)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
reformation; revolution; renewal; Meiji Restoration
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
work; labor; achievement; performance; salary; income
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
study; scholarship; learning; discipline; branch of learning; (a) science
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
to stand up; to put up; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to start (a rumour); to make
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
waterfall; (arch.) rapids
news; word; tidings; omen
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
haste; hurry; expedition; speed; dispatch
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
recollection; retrospection; reflection; reminiscence