by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
tatami mat; Japanese straw floor coverings
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to spread out (e.g. a futon); to lay out; to lay down (e.g. a cushion); to impose widely (e.g. martial law); to promulgate; to pin down; to hold down
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
as a child; when one was a child
dream; dream; hope; unrealistic aspiration; daydream; delusion
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school); preschool
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
dream for the future; hopes for the future
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
honorific/polite/humble prefix
is not ... either; is (neither ...) nor ...; nor is it ...; does not ... either; (neither ...) nor ...; does not even ...
mother; mom; wife; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot; considerate; kind; genial
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with (skillfully); handling (well); managing
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
picture; drawing; painting; image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine