state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
river; stream; River; the ... river
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money
hills and fields; hill and dale
foot of a mountain; base of a mountain; foothills
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
gidayū (type of reciting used in the puppet theater)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to prepare; to provide; to set up; to establish; to organize
tea-ceremony procedures; skill; dexterity; (arch.) you
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
news; word; tidings; omen
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
to slip out; to sneak away; to break into the lead; to get ahead; to begin to fall out (e.g. hair); to break out (of a loop)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
unhurriedly; leisurely; slowly; relaxedly; taking one's time
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
one's remaining years; the rest of one's life
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
knowledge; awareness; consent; acceptance; forgiving; pardoning
degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.); counter for occurrences; strength (of glasses); glasses prescription; alcohol content (percentage); alcohol by volume; extent
head; chief; leader; the greatest of all; the most excellent
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...