waterfall; (arch.) rapids
a long time ago; in those days
north-east; Tōhoku (northernmost six prefectures of Honshu); Tohoku
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
lump together; put all together
Emishi; historical term for non-Yamato peoples in northern Japan; Yezo (northern part of Meiji-era Japan, esp. Hokkaido, but also Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
without cause; without reason
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Mutsu (former province located in present-day Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate, and Aomori prefectures)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
liver; innards; courage; spirit; crux; essential point
mountain stream; valley; dale; wetlands; swamp; marsh
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
young man; young woman; young people; youth; youngsters
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be born and raised (in); to be born and brought up; to be born and bred
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
river; stream; River; the ... river
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
congratulation; celebration
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
several; a number of; quantity; amount; counting; figures; number
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various