today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to gather; to collect; to assemble
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
riverside; edge of a river
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
curse; spell; malediction
basis; foundation; grounds; authority
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
point in common; common feature
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
it cannot be helped; there's nothing for it; it's no use fighting back; it's hopeless; there is no way out of it
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
to look (stare) back at (somebody); to look at again; to re-examine; to prove oneself superior (to someone who had previously been condescending); to look back (behind oneself)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
starting a business; promotion of enterprise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
gold (Au); golden (color); valuable; of highest value; money; gold coin; Friday
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)