indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Ōmi (former province located in present-day Shiga Prefecture)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
cooperation; collaboration
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
method; process; manner; way; means; technique
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
pompadour-like hair style, popular for unmarried women in the Edo period; shimada coiffure
permission; approval; authorization; to permit; to authorize
cannot (due to external circumstances); cannot afford to; must not; impossible to; no way one can (do)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
sudden turn; sudden change; (suddenly occurring) accident; emergency
pitching ability; counter for pitches
addition; supplement; appending; appendix
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
what with this and that; for a number of reasons
(United States of) America; United States; US; America (land mass); the Americas