chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
police; police officer; police station
dry riverbed; river beach
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to speak; to tell; to talk
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
living by oneself; living alone
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
proof; testimony; demonstration; verification; certification
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
last night; yesterday evening
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
ago; since; before; previous
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
to invite; to ask; to beckon; to wave someone in; to call in; to send for
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
I see; that's right; indeed