victim; injured party; sufferer
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
new rice field; newly developed rice field; wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
offender; criminal; culprit
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cram; to stuff; to jam; to squeeze; to compress; to pack
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
dry riverbed; river beach
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
mark; symbol; to mark; to put a mark on; trademark; paying attention to; focusing on
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
dangerous weapon; lethal weapon; deadly weapon; murder weapon
round; circular; curved; smooth; harmonious; calm
stone; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); stone (in go); stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
search (esp. for someone or something missing); manhunt; legally authorized search of a person, building, etc.
warrant; summons; written order
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
in that way; thus; so; so?
now; the present time; just now; another; more