any red algae in the family Gelidiaceae (esp. Gelidium crinale)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(sound of) laughter; laughing voice
boss; leader; head; boss (difficult enemy, usu. at the end of a section or level)
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you (plural); all of you; you all
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
unnecessary; not needed; not necessary
I've heard that ...; rumour has it that ...; it appears as if ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
how do you do?; nice to meet you; adieu; farewell; bon voyage
Sugita Genpaku (1733-1817)
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
medicine; the healing art; healing; doctor
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
in that way; thus; so; so?
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
yours sincerely; respectfully yours
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
please (give me); please (do for me)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?