to consist of; to be made up of; to be concluded (e.g. of an agreement); to hold true (e.g. of a theory); to be viable (of a business, lifestyle, etc.); to carry on
it cannot be that...; it is highly unlikely that...; it is impossible that...
that kind of; of the sort; of the kind; such
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
anyhow; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case; be that as it may
modern state; modern nation
to build up; to complete; to construct; to make up; to fabricate; to invent
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
originally; by nature; from the start
reformation; revolution; renewal; Meiji Restoration
formation; establishment; conclusion (e.g. of a deal); reaching (e.g. an agreement); being valid (of a theory, argument, etc.); holding
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
in; at; on; as for; regarding; with regards to
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryo system)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
to behave; to conduct oneself; to entertain; to treat someone (to a drink); to make tea for someone (tea ceremony)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
protagonist; main character; hero(ine) (of a story); head of household
or; either ... or; maybe; perhaps; some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
to follow; to pursue; to die right after a loved one; to kill oneself after the death of a loved one; to follow an example set by earlier generations (or one's master, etc.)
Shikoku (smallest of the four main islands of Japan)
Iyo (former province located in present-day Ehime Prefecture)
Matsuyama (city in Ehime)
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
castle town; city in Japan that developed around the castle of a feudal lord
to be buried; to be covered; to overflow; to be crowded; to be repaid (e.g. debt); to be replenished
Russo-Japanese War (1904-5)
on the occasion of; at the time of
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly