to commute a death sentence to life imprisonment
chopped fish, shellfish or vegetables, dressed with (miso or other) sauce
to eat; to drink; to smoke; to suffer (e.g. defeat); to receive (e.g. a blow)
to relate; to narrate; to describe; to confer (a rank)
perilous pass (on a route or journey); rough spot
Boshin War (Japanese civil war between Imperial and shogunate forces; 1868-1869)
Grand Council of State (1868-1885 CE); Department of State (under the ritsuryo system)
suspension bridge; viaduct; temporary bridge; mediation; go-between
secretary; councillor; councilor
to harm; to hurt; to injure; to damage
dying; laying down one's life; one out
rice nursery; bed for rice seedlings
to divide (by); to remove; to exclude
the said family; the same family
rebels; bandit; robber; traitors
John Doe; person of unknown name; (arch.) country bumpkin
Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari); the Minamoto family
Hijikata Toshizou (1835.5.31-1869.6.20)
poetry and prose; literature; literary works
spear; lance; javelin; lance; (arch.) jeering
to take the blame; to take responsibility; to assume liability; to bear the burden
Uesugi Kenshin (1530-1578)
Ōu (the two former provinces of Mutsu and Dewa); Tōhoku
moron; idiot; stupid person
to teach someone a lesson; to show someone a thing or two; to show someone what one can do
enemy of the emperor; rebel against the imperial government
kindness; favour; favor; hospitality
tedious talk; repetition; complaint; tongue-twister
that matter; those matters
various fiefdoms; various domains
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...