Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province
subjugation (using military force); suppression; subduing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put up (a notice, sign, etc.); to hang out (e.g. a banner); to hold up high; to raise overhead; to tout (a principle, plan, etc.); to herald; to publish
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
to face; to go towards; to head towards
old; former; the old; old things; old times; bygone days
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
counter for birds, rabbits, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
firefight; gun battle; shoot-out
outbreak of war; starting a war
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
Sunday; day (of the month); counter for days; Japan
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
miserable; pitiful; tragic; painstaking
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
defeat; loss; reverse; setback
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to pull; to tug; to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest); to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
furnished with; including; attached to; impression; appearance; luck; sociality
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
now; the present time; just now; another; more
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
spear; lance; javelin; lance; (arch.) jeering
container; receptacle; case; inserting; putting in
all present; all concerned; all of us
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
sale; selling; selling point; gimmick; seller; vendor
to sew; to stitch; to weave one's way (e.g. through a crowd)