sound of footsteps; sense or sign that something is approaching
important matter; matter of great importance; serious affair; major incident; emergency
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
blind female beggar who sings or plays shamisen
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
emperor (of Japan); mikado
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
death (of an emperor); demise
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
tenth day of the month; ten days
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
smallpox; variola; pockmark; pock
suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly
kind; cordial; hospitable; serious (of an illness)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
condition; state (of health); appearance
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
Tosa (former province located in present-day Kochi Prefecture)
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
preparation; arrangements
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
imperial palace (esp. Kyoto Imperial Palace); imperial residence; residence of a shogun, minister, etc.; emperor; ex-emperor; empress
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
with my own (two) eyes; with these very eyes
to ascertain; to check; to make sure
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to make a decision; to draw a conclusion; to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to let go down; to lower; to do oneself
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
until then; till then; to that extent; the end of it; all there is to it
the way there; outbound leg; bound for ...; outbound ticket