commandant; commanding officer; general
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
federation; federal state; United States of America
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
American Civil War (1861-1865)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
outbreak (e.g. of war); outburst; sudden occurrence
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
latest; newest; late-breaking (news)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
using freely; making full use of; having a good command of; working (someone) hard; driving (someone) on
present day; modern times; recent times; early modern period (in Japan, usu. from the Meiji Restoration until the end of World War II)
war; battle; match; game; competition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the rise of the curtain; opening (of play); beginning (e.g. of an era); opening (festival, event, etc.)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
halving; dividing (into two parts); bisection; the two equinoxes (vernal and autumnal)
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
person killed in action; the war dead
all people; everybody; ten thousand people
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
foot of a mountain; base of a mountain; mine; colliery; owner of a mountain; operator of a mine
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
wound; injury; chip; crack; flaw; defect
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to stand up; to get up; to rise; to recover; to take action; to start; to make the initial charge
pain; anguish; distress; suffering; hardship
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
to stare at; to gaze at; to look hard at; to watch intently; to fix one's eyes on
people; men and women; each person; everybody
before long; soon; almost; nearly; finally; in the end
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)