achievement; feat; meritorious deed; distinguished service
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to boil; to simmer; to stew; to seethe
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to cease; to desist; to cut it out; to lay off (an activity); to drop (a subject) to abolish; to resign
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
small child; pipsqueak; short person; midget; small animal; runt
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
gun; wooden pole that wrestlers strike in practice; puffer fish
to restrict; to limit; to be restricted to; to be limited to; to be best (for); to be the best plan
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
adds force or indicates command
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
this (very thing); this precisely
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses; people; folk; clique
to be silent; to say nothing
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(arch.) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south); (arch.) South-East Asia; (arch.) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies); exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style); (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm); nanban; dish prepared using chili peppers and Welsh onions
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
(arch.) ivy (esp. Boston ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata); jiaogulan (species of herbaceous vine; Gynostemma pentaphyllum)
to stuff into; to jam; to shorten; to move closer together; to reduce (spending); to conserve; to focus intently on
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
ivy (esp. Boston ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata)
to boil down; to concentrate (soup, milk, stock, etc.); to reach a conclusion; to conclude a discussion