older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am; older girl
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
and yet; though; when; in spite of
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such; like that; that sort of; very
reversal; return; return gift; return favour (favor); barb (on a fishing hook); mixture of soy sauce, sugar and mirin
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
thank you (for the meal); that was a delicious meal; thank you (for displaying lovey-dovey behaviour)
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
opening and shutting; opening and closing
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to get better; to get well; to recover (from an illness); to be cured; to be restored; to heal
some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
now; the present time; just now; another; more
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam