what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
photography (still or motion); photographing; filming; shooting; (video) recording
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
the old days; the past; former times; the past ten years; the past decade
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
riverbank; riverside; market on the riverbank (esp. fish market); place (for activities); venue
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
why; how; for what reason
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
Edo Castle (residence of the Shogun during the Edo period, now the site of the Tokyo Imperial Palace)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
stone; rock; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); (round) game piece
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to use (a brush, chopsticks, etc.); to move
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
expresses a firm view or feeling; please ...; would you ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
liquor store; wine shop; bottle shop; sake dealer; liquor-store owner; brewer
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow