indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
to fit (e.g. a pane into a frame); to insert (e.g. a cork); to put on (something that envelops; e.g. a ring, gloves); to place (a hoop) around; to pigeonhole (into a particular category); to force (into a mold); to entrap
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
because of; owing to; due to
lie; falsehood; fiction; fabrication
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
Fukushima (city, prefecture)
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
department (in an organization, company, etc.); division; club (at a school, university, etc.); team; part; portion
breaking through; breakthrough; surmounting (a difficulty); overcoming; exceeding; passing
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
people; citizens; subjects; folk
party (political); person who is fond of; fan of
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
member of an assembly; member of the Diet; member of parliament; member of Congress
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
professional; pro; program; production; proletarian; proletariat
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity; hogging; keeping to oneself
confession (to a crime, wrongdoing, etc.); admission; professing one's feelings (to someone one wants to go out with); declaration of love; profession (of faith); confession (of sins)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder