mama;  mamma;  mom;  female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
 no;  nay;  well;  er;  you're welcome;  not at all
 called;  named;  as many as;  as much as;  all ...;  every single ...
 chief examiner or investigator
 indicates sentence subject (occasionally object);  indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions);  but;  however;  regardless of;  whether (or not)
 year;  counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school);  period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
 in front (of);  before (e.g. a building);  before;  earlier;  (the) front;  frontal part;  forward
 at (place, time);  in;  to (direction, state);  toward;  for (purpose);  because of (reason);  for
 to chase;  to run after;  to pursue
 mountain;  hill;  mine (e.g. coal mine);  heap;  pile;  crown (of a hat);  thread (of a screw)
 promotion of industry;  inauguration of a new industrial enterprise
 now;  the present time;  just now;  another;  more
 head (chief, director) of a section or department;  head of a (school) club;  head of a (school) team
 darkness;  the dark;  bewilderment;  despair;  hidden place;  secrecy
 and the like;  such as;  or something;  something like;  I hear that ...;  people say that...
 to say;  to utter;  to name;  to call;  to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping");  to make a noise
 thing;  object;  one's things;  possessions;  things;  something;  quality
 if;  when;  and;  with;  used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.);  promoted pawn;  indicates a question
 where;  what place;  how much (long, far);  what extent
 at;  in;  at;  when;  by;  with;  and then
 how;  in what way;  how about
 to be tied together;  to be connected to;  to lead to;  to be related to;  to be related (by blood)
 the expectation is that ...;  the reason is that ...;  the fact is that ...;  the explanation is that ...;  it is that ...
 indicates a question;  or;  whether or not;  some- (e.g. something, someone);  hmm;  huh;  very
 new rice field;  newly developed rice field;  wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
 cooperation;  collaboration
 request;  favour (to ask);  wish;  please
 to be able (in a position) to do;  to be up to the task;  to be ready;  to be completed;  to be made;  to be built;  to be good at
 same;  identical;  equal;  anyway;  anyhow;  in either case
 people;  citizens;  subjects;  folk
 honor;  honour;  glory; (arch.)  prosperity
 party (political);  person who is fond of;  fan of
 indicates possessive;  nominalizes verbs and adjectives;  substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases;  (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion;  (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis;  (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
 inside;  interior;  among;  within;  middle;  center;  during
 middle of the road;  centrism;  the middle (of what one is doing);  half-way;  middle way;  middle path
 adhesion;  conglutination;  collusion;  collusive relationship
 that;  the;  part (as in "part two");  um ...;  er ...
 pipe;  tube;  channels, official or otherwise;  (business) connections;  tobacco pipe
 indicates sentence topic;  indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated);  adds emphasis
 to stop;  to cease;  to come to an end;  to cut off
 far from;  anything but;  not at all;  let alone;  to say nothing of;  not to mention
 than;  from;  out of;  except;  but;  more