indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
back off!; leave me alone!
please (give me); please (do for me)
to leave alone; to leave as is; to ignore; to neglect
easy; simple; there's no way that ...
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
thousand years; millennium; eternity
suffix for familiar person
rather; sooner; preferably
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
great difference; major mistake
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
entertainer; performer; celebrity; entertainment personality
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
luxury; extravagance; to live in luxury; to indulge oneself; lavish (use of something); abundant
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
declining; refusal; rejection; announcement; notice
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
grateful; thankful; welcome; appreciated; evoking gratitude
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
then; well; so; well then
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to stay at (e.g. hotel); to be docked; to be berthed; to be moored
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you