inspection (e.g. customs, factory); examination; scan (e.g. MRI, PET, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be found; to be discovered
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
future (usually near); prospects
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
to grow up; to become an adult
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
vice-minister (Meiji period); undersecretary
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
childish; child-like; immature; infantile
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
stand; rack; support; holder; counter for machines, incl. vehicles; setting (e.g. in jewellery); level (e.g. price level)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience