(arch.) large river (esp. the Yangtze); Lake Biwa
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
now; the present time; just now; another; more
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
railway station; train station; staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan); counter for railway stations and bus stations
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
pregnancy; conception; gestation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
plus; addition; positive number; gain; advantage; anode
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
line; stripe; line (e.g. telephone line); wire; ray (e.g. X-ray); beam; line (e.g. of a railroad)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to gratefully accept
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); one's husband; (one's) employer; (one's) master; host
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
carrying (on one's person or in the hand); mobile phone; cell phone
to break; to destroy; to wreck; to ruin; to break (a bill, etc.)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date