this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
program (e.g. TV); programme
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
actor; actress; man of wits; clever person; cunning fellow
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
live-action adaptation (of a cartoon or animated movie)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
peculiarity; uniqueness; characteristic
method; process; manner; way; means; technique
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; one's emotions; one's feelings; nervousness
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
please (give me); please (do for me)
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
coming and going; keeping in touch; visiting each other; street traffic; highway
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)