only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
difficulty; hardship; trouble; infeasibility; inability (to carry out)
to climb over; to get over; to surmount; to overcome; to surpass; to overtake
present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
to arrive at (after a struggle); to finally reach; to find one's way to; to finally hit on (e.g. an idea)
predecessor; pioneer; ancestor
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to connect; to link together; to tie; to fasten; to maintain; to preserve
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to taste; to savor; to appreciate; to enjoy; to experience; to go through
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
good flavor (flavour); good taste; umami (fifth category of taste in food); skill; cleverness; profit
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
average; medium; mid-grade (item); regular grade; same level as; equal to
running as fast as one can
to stab; to stick; to pierce; to thrust
hot taste; sharp taste; pungent taste; salty taste
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
feeling; sensation; emotion; interjection
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
wonderful; astounding; marvellous
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
black ships; Western ships that came to Japan between the 16th and 19th centuries, esp. those of the Perry Expedition in 1853; foreign disruptor (of the Japanese market); product, person, etc. arriving from the West and disturbing the Japanese market
to place on (something); to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to load (luggage); to carry; to send out (on the airwaves, etc.); to deceive
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
arrival of ships (from abroad); arrival by ship
rushing into; breaking into; storming; plunging into (war, etc.); embarking on (a new venture)
of course; certainly; naturally
to be finished; to be completed; to be done
direction; orientation; bearing; course (e.g. of action)
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
together; at the same time; same; identical
meaning; significance; sense
small quantity; little; little while; short distance