indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go against; to oppose; to disobey; to defy
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to lose; to miss (a chance, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
just who do you think you are?
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to rescue (someone); to save; to help (out of a difficulty); to save (spiritually); to redeem (from sin); to deliver (from suffering, distress, etc.)
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)
meaning; significance; sense
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
beyond this point; ahead; from now on; after this; in the future
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
hill; height; knoll; rising ground
small peninsula; cape; promontory; headland
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
near; close; beside; attendant; retainer; vassal
to go; to come; to lose; to be defeated; to be stumped (by); to be at a loss; to visit (a shrine, grave, etc.)
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
honorific/polite/humble prefix