at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
Mikawa (former province located in the east of present-day Aichi Prefecture)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
secret communication (with the enemy); collusion; betrayal; adultery; (extramarital) affair
rebellion; revolt; insurrection; treason
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
wood (for building); lumber; timber
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
diversion into illegal channels; putting on the black market; selling through illegal channels
grounds; charge; suspicion
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
Sunpu (old name for Shizuoka City)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to say; to tell; to state; to do
large number; innumerable; great many; immense; vast; abundant
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
I'm told; is what I heard; is how it is, apparently; is what they said
close call; narrow escape; hair's breadth; narrowly; just in time; by a hair's breadth
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to get help; to enlist aid
to take back; to get back; to regain; to recover; to restore; to recoup
to be; to come; to go; to be (doing)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
viceroy; governor-general
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
loyalty; allegiance; fidelity
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
please; kindly; I beg of you; by all means; without fail
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
to make sure; to check; to ascertain; to confirm; to verify
to go; to come; to lose; to be defeated; to be stumped (by); to be at a loss; to visit (a shrine, grave, etc.)
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage