time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competition in which there are several evenly matched participants; hotly contested game (match, market, etc.)
I; me; we; us; you (plural)
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
(one's) inner voice; voice of one's heart; what one really thinks
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
first generation; founder
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
please; if you would; somehow or other; one way or another; whether (or not); if
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
descendant (usu. of a certain generation); (arch.) lineage; (arch.) pedigree; (arch.) grandchild
readiness; (mental) preparedness; resolution; determination; resignation (to one's fate)
wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to run away; to flee; to avoid (a question, responsibility, etc.); to evade; to win without being overtaken; to hold off the other contenders (until the finish)
to make a decision; to draw a conclusion; to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to let go down; to lower; to do oneself
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
recollection; retrospection; reflection; reminiscence
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
tortoise; turtle; heavy drinker; turtle crest; turtle mon
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
parent; parents; dealer; banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
credit; money owed on an account; bill; hanger; holder; in the process of (doing); midway through
river; stream; River; the ... river
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
before oneself; in front of one; a bit before reaching (a location); this side (of a location); one's standpoint; one's appearance; skill
at; in; at; when; by; with; so