to blow (of the wind); to blow (one's breath); to breathe out; to play (a wind instrument); to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.); to emit (smoke, fire, etc.); to spout
round; circular; curved; smooth; harmonious; calm
come out!; where are you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be lucky; to be in luck; to be attached; to have; to be included
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
dream; dream; hope; unrealistic aspiration; daydream; delusion
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to smell; to smell of; to have a smell
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
your home; your family; their home; (my) home
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
come (on); come now; all right; right; well; hmm
just to make sure; just to be sure; for confirmation; just in case; for caution's sake; by way of precaution
to see (a doctor, etc.); to consult (someone)
disliking; hating; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); feline; shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom (submissive partner of a homosexual relationship)
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
daily; everyday; days (e.g. of one's youth); every day; day after day
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to spin; to make yarn; to spin (a tale); to assemble (e.g. words); to put together
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo